o Improve historical data for Mexico, Mongolia, and Portugal.
o System V names are now obsolescent.
o The main data form now uses %z.
-# $OpenBSD: africa,v 1.75 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: africa,v 1.76 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for Africa and environs
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
-# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02.
-# For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
-# (see Europe/Lisbon).
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
+# For timestamps before independence, see commentary for Europe/Lisbon.
+# Shanks gives 1907 instead for the transition to -02.
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia
- -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep
- -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15
- -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00
- -1:00 - -01
+ -2:00 - %z 1942 Sep
+ -2:00 1:00 %z 1945 Oct 15
+ -2:00 - %z 1975 Nov 25 2:00
+ -1:00 - %z
# Central African Republic
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Guinea-Bissau
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
-# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
-# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
-# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect.
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2018-02-16):
+# For timestamps before independence, see commentary for Europe/Lisbon.
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u
- -1:00 - -01 1975
+ -1:00 - %z 1975
0:00 - GMT
# Kenya
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1908 May
- 2:30 - +0230 1928 Jun 30 24:00
+ 2:30 - %z 1928 Jun 30 24:00
3:00 - EAT 1930 Jan 4 24:00
- 2:30 - +0230 1936 Dec 31 24:00
- 2:45 - +0245 1942 Jul 31 24:00
+ 2:30 - %z 1936 Dec 31 24:00
+ 2:45 - %z 1942 Jul 31 24:00
3:00 - EAT
# Lesotho
Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
- 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05
+ 4:00 Mauritius %z
# Agalega Is, Rodriguez
# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
- 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 1984 Mar 16
- 1:00 - +01 1986
- 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00
- 1:00 Morocco +01/+00
+ 0:00 Morocco %z 1984 Mar 16
+ 1:00 - %z 1986
+ 0:00 Morocco %z 2018 Oct 28 3:00
+ 1:00 Morocco %z
# Western Sahara
#
# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún
- -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14
- 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00
- 1:00 Morocco +01/+00
+ -1:00 - %z 1976 Apr 14
+ 0:00 Morocco %z 2018 Oct 28 3:00
+ 1:00 Morocco %z
# Mozambique
#
-# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT.
-# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
-# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
-# merely made it official?
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# For timestamps before Mozambique's independence, see commentary for
+# Europe/Lisbon.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24):
+# The London Gazette, 1903-04-03, page 2245, says that
+# as of 1903-03-03 a time ball at the port of Lourenço Marques
+# (as Maputo was then called) was dropped daily at 13:00:00 LMT,
+# corresponding to 22:49:41.7 GMT, so local time was +02:10:18.3.
+# Conversely, the newspaper South Africa, 1909-02-09, page 321,
+# says the port had just installed an apparatus that communicated
+# "from the controlling clock in the new Observatory at Reuben Point ...
+# exact mean South African time, i.e., 30 deg., or 2 hours East of Greenwich".
+# Although Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT,
+# evidently the port transitioned to CAT after 1903-03-03 but before
+# the Portuguese legal transition of 1912-01-01 (see Europe/Lisbon commentary).
+# For lack of better info, list 1909 as the transition date.
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
+ #STDOFF 2:10:18.3
+Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:18 - LMT 1909
2:00 - CAT
# Namibia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
- 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar
+ 1:30 - %z 1903 Mar
2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:35 - LMT 1905 Jul 1
0:00 - GMT 1908 Jul 1
0:13:35 - LMT 1914 Jan 1
- 0:30 - +0030 1919 Sep 1
+ 0:30 - %z 1919 Sep 1
1:00 - WAT
# Réunion
-# $OpenBSD: antarctica,v 1.48 2024/01/02 22:43:20 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: antarctica,v 1.49 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for Antarctica and environs
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969
- 8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00
- 11:00 - +11 2010 Mar 5 2:00
- 8:00 - +08 2011 Oct 28 2:00
- 11:00 - +11 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
- 8:00 - +08 2016 Oct 22
- 11:00 - +11 2018 Mar 11 4:00
- 8:00 - +08 2018 Oct 7 4:00
- 11:00 - +11 2019 Mar 17 3:00
- 8:00 - +08 2019 Oct 4 3:00
- 11:00 - +11 2020 Mar 8 3:00
- 8:00 - +08 2020 Oct 4 0:01
- 11:00 - +11 2021 Mar 14 0:00
- 8:00 - +08 2021 Oct 3 0:01
- 11:00 - +11 2022 Mar 13 0:00
- 8:00 - +08 2022 Oct 2 0:01
- 11:00 - +11 2023 Mar 9 3:00
- 8:00 - +08
+ 8:00 - %z 2009 Oct 18 2:00
+ 11:00 - %z 2010 Mar 5 2:00
+ 8:00 - %z 2011 Oct 28 2:00
+ 11:00 - %z 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
+ 8:00 - %z 2016 Oct 22
+ 11:00 - %z 2018 Mar 11 4:00
+ 8:00 - %z 2018 Oct 7 4:00
+ 11:00 - %z 2019 Mar 17 3:00
+ 8:00 - %z 2019 Oct 4 3:00
+ 11:00 - %z 2020 Mar 8 3:00
+ 8:00 - %z 2020 Oct 4 0:01
+ 11:00 - %z 2021 Mar 14 0:00
+ 8:00 - %z 2021 Oct 3 0:01
+ 11:00 - %z 2022 Mar 13 0:00
+ 8:00 - %z 2022 Oct 2 0:01
+ 11:00 - %z 2023 Mar 9 3:00
+ 8:00 - %z
Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13
- 7:00 - +07 1964 Nov
+ 7:00 - %z 1964 Nov
0 - -00 1969 Feb
- 7:00 - +07 2009 Oct 18 2:00
- 5:00 - +05 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
- 7:00 - +07 2011 Oct 28 2:00
- 5:00 - +05 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
- 7:00 - +07
+ 7:00 - %z 2009 Oct 18 2:00
+ 5:00 - %z 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
+ 7:00 - %z 2011 Oct 28 2:00
+ 5:00 - %z 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
+ 7:00 - %z
Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - -00 1954 Feb 13
- 6:00 - +06 2009 Oct 18 2:00
- 5:00 - +05
+ 6:00 - %z 2009 Oct 18 2:00
+ 5:00 - %z
# References:
# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16
- 7:00 - +07 1994 Feb
+ 7:00 - %z 1994 Feb
0 - -00 1994 Nov
- 7:00 - +07 2023 Dec 18 2:00
- 5:00 - +05
+ 7:00 - %z 2023 Dec 18 2:00
+ 5:00 - %z
# S Africa - year-round bases
# Marion Island, -4653+03752
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - -00 1976 Dec 1
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 - %z
# Uruguay - year round base
# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
-# $OpenBSD: asia,v 1.109 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: asia,v 1.110 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for Asia and environs
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# Afghanistan
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
- 4:00 - +04 1945
- 4:30 - +0430
+ 4:00 - %z 1945
+ 4:30 - %z
# Armenia
# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
Rule Armenia 2011 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 1997
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2011
- 4:00 Armenia +04/+05
+ 3:00 - %z 1957 Mar
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia %z 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 1997
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 2011
+ 4:00 Armenia %z
# Azerbaijan
Rule Azer 1997 2015 - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 1996
- 4:00 EUAsia +04/+05 1997
- 4:00 Azer +04/+05
+ 3:00 - %z 1957 Mar
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 1996
+ 4:00 EUAsia %z 1997
+ 4:00 Azer %z
# Bahrain
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
- 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 15
- 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep
- 6:30 - +0630 1951 Sep 30
- 6:00 - +06 2009
- 6:00 Dhaka +06/+07
+ 6:30 - %z 1942 May 15
+ 5:30 - %z 1942 Sep
+ 6:30 - %z 1951 Sep 30
+ 6:00 - %z 2009
+ 6:00 Dhaka %z
# Bhutan
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
- 5:30 - +0530 1987 Oct
- 6:00 - +06
+ 5:30 - %z 1987 Oct
+ 6:00 - %z
# British Indian Ocean Territory
# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
- 5:00 - +05 1996
- 6:00 - +06
+ 5:00 - %z 1996
+ 6:00 - %z
# Brunei
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Yangon 6:24:47 - LMT 1880 # or Rangoon
6:24:47 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon local time
- 6:30 - +0630 1942 May
- 9:00 - +09 1945 May 3
- 6:30 - +0630
+ 6:30 - %z 1942 May
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 May 3
+ 6:30 - %z
# Cambodia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi
# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
- 6:00 - +06
+ 6:00 - %z
# Hong Kong
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:10 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
8:00 - CST 1941 Dec 21 23:00
- 9:00 Macau +09/+10 1945 Sep 30 24:00
+ 9:00 Macau %z 1945 Sep 30 24:00
8:00 Macau C%sT
Zone Asia/Famagusta 2:15:48 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 2016 Sep 8
- 3:00 - +03 2017 Oct 29 1:00u
+ 3:00 - %z 2017 Oct 29 1:00u
2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
# Georgia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880
2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
- 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992
- 3:00 E-EurAsia +03/+04 1994 Sep lastSun
- 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 1996 Oct lastSun
- 4:00 1:00 +05 1997 Mar lastSun
- 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 2004 Jun 27
- 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
- 4:00 - +04
+ 3:00 - %z 1957 Mar
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992
+ 3:00 E-EurAsia %z 1994 Sep lastSun
+ 4:00 E-EurAsia %z 1996 Oct lastSun
+ 4:00 1:00 %z 1997 Mar lastSun
+ 4:00 E-EurAsia %z 2004 Jun 27
+ 3:00 RussiaAsia %z 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
+ 4:00 - %z
# East Timor
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# The 1912-01-01 transition occurred at 00:00 new time, per the 1911-05-24
+# Portuguese decree (see Europe/Lisbon). A provision in article 5(c) of the
+# decree prescribed that Timor "will keep counting time in harmony with
+# neighboring foreign colonies, [for] as long as they do not adopt the time
+# that belongs to them in [the Washington Convention] system."
+
# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
# From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
- 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 21 23:00
- 9:00 - +09 1976 May 3
- 8:00 - +08 2000 Sep 17 0:00
- 9:00 - +09
+Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1911 Dec 31 16:00u
+ 8:00 - %z 1942 Feb 21 23:00
+ 9:00 - %z 1976 May 3
+ 8:00 - %z 2000 Sep 17 0:00
+ 9:00 - %z
# India
5:53:20 - HMT 1870 # Howrah Mean Time?
5:21:10 - MMT 1906 Jan 1 # Madras local time
5:30 - IST 1941 Oct
- 5:30 1:00 +0630 1942 May 15
+ 5:30 1:00 %z 1942 May 15
5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
- 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15
+ 5:30 1:00 %z 1945 Oct 15
5:30 - IST
# Since 1970 the following are like Asia/Kolkata:
# Andaman Is
# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
# but this must be a typo.
7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 16:40u # Batavia
- 7:20 - +0720 1932 Nov
- 7:30 - +0730 1942 Mar 23
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23
- 7:30 - +0730 1948 May
- 8:00 - +08 1950 May
- 7:30 - +0730 1964
+ 7:20 - %z 1932 Nov
+ 7:30 - %z 1942 Mar 23
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 23
+ 7:30 - %z 1948 May
+ 8:00 - %z 1950 May
+ 7:30 - %z 1964
7:00 - WIB
# west and central Borneo
Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
- 7:30 - +0730 1942 Jan 29
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23
- 7:30 - +0730 1948 May
- 8:00 - +08 1950 May
- 7:30 - +0730 1964
+ 7:30 - %z 1942 Jan 29
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 23
+ 7:30 - %z 1948 May
+ 8:00 - %z 1950 May
+ 7:30 - %z 1964
8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1
7:00 - WIB
# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo
Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
- 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 9
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23
+ 8:00 - %z 1942 Feb 9
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 23
8:00 - WITA
# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
- 9:00 - +09 1944 Sep 1
- 9:30 - +0930 1964
+ 9:00 - %z 1944 Sep 1
+ 9:30 - %z 1964
9:00 - WIT
# Iran
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
3:25:44 - TMT 1935 Jun 13 # Tehran Mean Time
- 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 1977 Oct 20 24:00
- 4:00 Iran +04/+05 1979
- 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430
+ 3:30 Iran %z 1977 Oct 20 24:00
+ 4:00 Iran %z 1979
+ 3:30 Iran %z
# Iraq
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
- 3:00 - +03 1982 May
- 3:00 Iraq +03/+04
+ 3:00 - %z 1982 May
+ 3:00 Iraq %z
###############################################################################
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
2:00 Jordan EE%sT 2022 Oct 28 0:00s
- 3:00 - +03
+ 3:00 - %z
# Kazakhstan
# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
# This includes Abai/Abay (ISO 3166-2 code KZ-10), Aqmola/Akmola (KZ-11),
# Almaty (KZ-19), Almaty city (KZ-75), Astana city (KZ-71),
-# East Kazkhstan (KZ-63), Jambyl/Zhambyl (KZ-31), Jetisu/Zhetysu (KZ-33),
+# East Kazakhstan (KZ-63), Jambyl/Zhambyl (KZ-31), Jetisu/Zhetysu (KZ-33),
# Karaganda (KZ-35), North Kazakhstan (KZ-59), Pavlodar (KZ-55),
-# Shyumkent city (KZ-79), Turkistan (KZ-61), and Ulytau (KZ-62).
+# Shymkent city (KZ-79), Turkistan (KZ-61), and Ulytau (KZ-62).
Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
- 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
- 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2024 Mar 1 0:00
- 5:00 - +05
+ 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2024 Mar 1 0:00
+ 5:00 - %z
# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-43)
Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
- 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2018 Dec 21 0:00
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2018 Dec 21 0:00
+ 5:00 - %z
# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-39)
# The 1991/2 rules are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai
# reorganization.
Zone Asia/Qostanay 4:14:28 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
- 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2024 Mar 1 0:00
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2024 Mar 1 0:00
+ 5:00 - %z
# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-15)
Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
- 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 - %z
# Mangghystaū (KZ-47)
# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
# so include timestamps before 1963.
Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1994 Sep 25 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1994 Sep 25 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 - %z
# Atyraū (KZ-23) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from
# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994.
Zone Asia/Atyrau 3:27:44 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1999 Mar 28 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 5:00 - +05
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1999 Mar 28 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 - %z
# West Kazakhstan (KZ-27)
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
- 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
- 5:00 - +05
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 2004 Oct 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 - %z
# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
- 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Aug 31 2:00
- 5:00 Kyrgyz +05/+06 2005 Aug 12
- 6:00 - +06
+ 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Aug 31 2:00
+ 5:00 Kyrgyz %z 2005 Aug 12
+ 6:00 - %z
###############################################################################
# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
- 7:30 - +0730 1933
- 8:00 NBorneo +08/+0820 1942 Feb 16
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12
- 8:00 - +08
+ 7:30 - %z 1933
+ 8:00 NBorneo %z 1942 Feb 16
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 12
+ 8:00 - %z
# Maldives
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Malé
4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Malé Mean Time
- 5:00 - +05
+ 5:00 - %z
# Mongolia
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
-# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
-# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
-# this is almost surely wrong.
+
+# From Heitor David Pinto (2024-06-23):
+# Sources about time zones in Mongolia seem to list one of two conflicting
+# configurations. The first configuration, mentioned in a comment to the TZ
+# database in 1999, citing a Mongolian government website, lists the provinces
+# of Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd and Uvs in UTC+7, and the rest of the country in
+# UTC+8. The second configuration, mentioned in a comment to the database in
+# 2001, lists Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd, Uvs, Govi-Altai and Zavkhan in UTC+7, Dornod
+# and Sükhbaatar in UTC+9, and the rest of the country in UTC+8.
+#
+# The first configuration is still mentioned by several Mongolian travel
+# agencies:
+# https://www.adventurerider.mn/en/page/about_mongolia
+# http://www.naturetours.mn/nt/mongolia.php
+# https://www.newjuulchin.mn/web/content/7506?unique=fa24a0f6e96e022a3578ee5195ac879638c734ce
+#
+# It also matches these flight schedules in 2013:
+# http://web.archive.org/web/20130722023600/https://www.hunnuair.com/en/timetabled
+# The flight times imply that the airports of Uliastai (Zavkhan), Choibalsan
+# (Dornod) and Altai (Govi-Altai) are in the same time zone as Ulaanbaatar,
+# and Khovd is one hour behind....
+#
+# The second configuration was mentioned by an official of the Mongolian
+# standards agency in an interview in 2014: https://ikon.mn/n/9v6
+# And it's still listed by the Mongolian aviation agency:
+# https://ais.mn/files/aip/eAIP/2023-12-25/html/eSUP/ZM-eSUP-23-04-en-MN.html
+#
+# ... I believe that the first configuration is what is actually observed in
+# Mongolia and has been so all along, at least since 1999. The second
+# configuration closely matches the ideal time zone boundaries at 97.5° E and
+# 112.5° E but it doesn't seem to be used in practice.
# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10):
# It seems like yesterday Mongolian Government meeting has concluded to use
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
- 6:00 - +06 1978
- 7:00 Mongol +07/+08
+ 6:00 - %z 1978
+ 7:00 Mongol %z
# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
- 7:00 - +07 1978
- 8:00 Mongol +08/+09
-# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
-# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
-Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
- 7:00 - +07 1978
- 8:00 - +08 1983 Apr
- 9:00 Mongol +09/+10 2008 Mar 31
- 8:00 Mongol +08/+09
+ 7:00 - %z 1978
+ 8:00 Mongol %z
# Nepal
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
- 5:30 - +0530 1986
- 5:45 - +0545
+ 5:30 - %z 1986
+ 5:45 - %z
# Oman
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
- 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep
- 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15
- 5:30 - +0530 1951 Sep 30
- 5:00 - +05 1971 Mar 26
+ 5:30 - %z 1942 Sep
+ 5:30 1:00 %z 1945 Oct 15
+ 5:30 - %z 1951 Sep 30
+ 5:00 - %z 1971 Mar 26
5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
# Palestine
# Philippine Star 2014-08-05
# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time
-# From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15):
+# From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15) with URLs updated by Guy Harris (2024-02-15):
# In the Philippines, there is a national law, Republic Act No. 10535
# which declares the official time here as "Philippine Standard Time".
# The act [1] even specifies use of PST as the abbreviation, although
# the FAQ provided by PAGASA [2] uses the "acronym PhST to distinguish
# it from the Pacific Standard Time (PST)."
-# [1] http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/
-# [2] https://www1.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/astronomy/philippine-standard-time#republic-act-10535
+# [1] https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/
+# [2] https://prsd.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/28-astronomy/302-philippine-standard-time
#
# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19):
# I surveyed recent news reports, and my impression is that "PST" is
# Qatar
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
- 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun
- 3:00 - +03
+ 4:00 - %z 1972 Jun
+ 3:00 - %z
# Saudi Arabia
#
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14
- 3:00 - +03
+ 3:00 - %z
# Singapore
# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
- 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1
- 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1
- 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1
- 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12
- 7:30 - +0730 1981 Dec 31 16:00u
- 8:00 - +08
+ 7:00 - %z 1933 Jan 1
+ 7:00 0:20 %z 1936 Jan 1
+ 7:20 - %z 1941 Sep 1
+ 7:30 - %z 1942 Feb 16
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 12
+ 7:30 - %z 1981 Dec 31 16:00u
+ 8:00 - %z
# Spratly Is
# no information
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
- 5:30 - +0530 1942 Jan 5
- 5:30 0:30 +06 1942 Sep
- 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 16 2:00
- 5:30 - +0530 1996 May 25 0:00
- 6:30 - +0630 1996 Oct 26 0:30
- 6:00 - +06 2006 Apr 15 0:30
- 5:30 - +0530
+ 5:30 - %z 1942 Jan 5
+ 5:30 0:30 %z 1942 Sep
+ 5:30 1:00 %z 1945 Oct 16 2:00
+ 5:30 - %z 1996 May 25 0:00
+ 6:30 - %z 1996 Oct 26 0:30
+ 6:00 - %z 2006 Apr 15 0:30
+ 5:30 - %z
# Syria
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
2:00 Syria EE%sT 2022 Oct 28 0:00
- 3:00 - +03
+ 3:00 - %z
# Tajikistan
# From Shanks & Pottenger.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
- 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 5:00 1:00 +06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
- 5:00 - +05
+ 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 1:00 %z 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
+ 5:00 - %z
# Thailand
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
- 7:00 - +07
+ 7:00 - %z
# Turkmenistan
# From Shanks & Pottenger.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00
- 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00
+ 4:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00
+ 5:00 - %z
# United Arab Emirates
#
# The Crozet Is also observe Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
- 4:00 - +04
+ 4:00 - %z
# Uzbekistan
# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1
- 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1
- 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 - %z 1981 Apr 1
+ 5:00 1:00 %z 1981 Oct 1
+ 6:00 - %z 1982 Apr 1
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992
+ 5:00 - %z
# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8.
#STDOFF 4:37:10.8
Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
- 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00
- 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992
- 5:00 - +05
+ 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 6:00 RussiaAsia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00
+ 5:00 RussiaAsia %z 1992
+ 5:00 - %z
# Vietnam (southern)
# Võ Nguyên Giáp, Việt Nam Dân Quốc Công Báo, No. 1 (1945-09-29), page 13
# http://baochi.nlv.gov.vn/baochi/cgi-bin/baochi?a=d&d=JwvzO19450929.2.5&dliv=none
# It says that on 1945-09-01 at 24:00, Vietnam moved back two hours, to +07.
-# It also mentions a 1945-03-29 decree (by a Japanese Goveror-General)
+# It also mentions a 1945-03-29 decree (by a Japanese Governor-General)
# to set the time zone to +09, but does not say whether that decree
# merely legalized an earlier change to +09.
#
#STDOFF 7:06:30.13
Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:30 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT
- 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00
- 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 1 24:00
- 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1
- 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1 01:00
- 7:00 - +07 1959 Dec 31 23:00
- 8:00 - +08 1975 Jun 13
- 7:00 - +07
+ 7:00 - %z 1942 Dec 31 23:00
+ 8:00 - %z 1945 Mar 14 23:00
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 1 24:00
+ 7:00 - %z 1947 Apr 1
+ 8:00 - %z 1955 Jul 1 01:00
+ 7:00 - %z 1959 Dec 31 23:00
+ 8:00 - %z 1975 Jun 13
+ 7:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2019-02-19):
#
-# $OpenBSD: australasia,v 1.79 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: australasia,v 1.80 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for Australasia and environs, and for much of the Pacific
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul
8:00 AW AW%sT
Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec
- 8:45 Aus +0845/+0945 1943 Jul
- 8:45 AW +0845/+0945
+ 8:45 Aus %z 1943 Jul
+ 8:45 AW %z
# Queensland
#
Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 -
Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar
- 10:30 LH +1030/+1130 1985 Jul
- 10:30 LH +1030/+11
+ 10:30 LH %z 1985 Jul
+ 10:30 LH %z
# Australian miscellany
#
Rule Fiji 2020 only - Dec 20 2:00 1:00 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
- 12:00 Fiji +12/+13
+ 12:00 Fiji %z
# French Polynesia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct 1 # Rikitea
- -9:00 - -09
+ -9:00 - %z
Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct 1
- -9:30 - -0930
+ -9:30 - %z
Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct 1 # Papeete
- -10:00 - -10
+ -10:00 - %z
# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
# it is uninhabited.
Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
10:00 - GST 1941 Dec 10 # Guam
- 9:00 - +09 1944 Jul 31
+ 9:00 - %z 1944 Jul 31
10:00 Guam G%sT 2000 Dec 23
10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
# Kiribati (Gilbert Is)
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
- 12:00 - +12
+ 12:00 - %z
# Kiribati (except Gilbert Is)
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Kanton 0 - -00 1937 Aug 31
- -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct
- -11:00 - -11 1994 Dec 31
- 13:00 - +13
+ -12:00 - %z 1979 Oct
+ -11:00 - %z 1994 Dec 31
+ 13:00 - %z
Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
- -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct
- -10:00 - -10 1994 Dec 31
- 14:00 - +14
+ -10:40 - %z 1979 Oct
+ -10:00 - %z 1994 Dec 31
+ 14:00 - %z
# N Mariana Is
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
- 11:00 - +11 1937
- 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
- 9:00 - +09 1944 Feb 6
- 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
- -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 24:00
- 12:00 - +12
+ 11:00 - %z 1937
+ 10:00 - %z 1941 Apr 1
+ 9:00 - %z 1944 Feb 6
+ 11:00 - %z 1969 Oct
+ -12:00 - %z 1993 Aug 20 24:00
+ 12:00 - %z
# Micronesia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Kosrae -13:08:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
10:51:56 - LMT 1901
- 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
- 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
- 11:00 - +11 1937
- 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
- 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
- 12:00 - +12 1999
- 11:00 - +11
+ 11:00 - %z 1914 Oct
+ 9:00 - %z 1919 Feb 1
+ 11:00 - %z 1937
+ 10:00 - %z 1941 Apr 1
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug
+ 11:00 - %z 1969 Oct
+ 12:00 - %z 1999
+ 11:00 - %z
# Nauru
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
- 11:30 - +1130 1942 Aug 29
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 8
- 11:30 - +1130 1979 Feb 10 2:00
- 12:00 - +12
+ 11:30 - %z 1942 Aug 29
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Sep 8
+ 11:30 - %z 1979 Feb 10 2:00
+ 12:00 - %z
# New Caledonia
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
- 11:00 NC +11/+12
+ 11:00 NC %z
###############################################################################
12:00 NZ NZ%sT
Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
- 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1
- 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345
+ 12:15 - %z 1946 Jan 1
+ 12:45 Chatham %z
# Auckland Is
# uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Rarotonga 13:20:56 - LMT 1899 Dec 26 # Avarua
-10:39:04 - LMT 1952 Oct 16
- -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12
- -10:00 Cook -10/-0930
+ -10:30 - %z 1978 Nov 12
+ -10:00 Cook %z
###############################################################################
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1952 Oct 16 # Alofi
- -11:20 - -1120 1964 Jul
- -11:00 - -11
+ -11:20 - %z 1964 Jul
+ -11:00 - %z
# Norfolk
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
- 11:12 - +1112 1951
- 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00s
- 11:30 1:00 +1230 1975 Mar 2 02:00s
- 11:30 - +1130 2015 Oct 4 02:00s
- 11:00 - +11 2019 Jul
- 11:00 AN +11/+12
+ 11:12 - %z 1951
+ 11:30 - %z 1974 Oct 27 02:00s
+ 11:30 1:00 %z 1975 Mar 2 02:00s
+ 11:30 - %z 2015 Oct 4 02:00s
+ 11:00 - %z 2019 Jul
+ 11:00 AN %z
# Palau (Belau)
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Palau -15:02:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Koror
8:57:56 - LMT 1901
- 9:00 - +09
+ 9:00 - %z
# Papua New Guinea
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
- 10:00 - +10
+ 10:00 - %z
#
# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
# Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have
#
Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880
9:48:32 - PMMT 1895
- 10:00 - +10 1942 Jul
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 21
- 10:00 - +10 2014 Dec 28 2:00
- 11:00 - +11
+ 10:00 - %z 1942 Jul
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 21
+ 10:00 - %z 2014 Dec 28 2:00
+ 11:00 - %z
# Pitcairn
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
- -8:30 - -0830 1998 Apr 27 0:00
- -8:00 - -08
+ -8:30 - %z 1998 Apr 27 0:00
+ -8:00 - %z
# American Samoa
Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
-11:26:56 - LMT 1911
- -11:30 - -1130 1950
- -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00
- 13:00 WS +13/+14
+ -11:30 - %z 1950
+ -11:00 WS %z 2011 Dec 29 24:00
+ 13:00 WS %z
# Solomon Is
# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct 1 # Honiara
- 11:00 - +11
+ 11:00 - %z
# Tokelau
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
- -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30
- 13:00 - +13
+ -11:00 - %z 2011 Dec 30
+ 13:00 - %z
# Tonga
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:12 - LMT 1945 Sep 10
- 12:20 - +1220 1961
- 13:00 - +13 1999
- 13:00 Tonga +13/+14
+ 12:20 - %z 1961
+ 13:00 - %z 1999
+ 13:00 Tonga %z
# Tuvalu
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sat>=22 24:00 1:00 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
- 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12
+ 11:00 Vanuatu %z
# Wallis and Futuna
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-# $OpenBSD: backward,v 1.45 2023/03/23 16:12:10 millert Exp $
-# tzdb links for backward compatibility
+# $OpenBSD: backward,v 1.46 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
+# Links and zones for backward compatibility
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
# This file provides links from old or merged timezone names to current ones.
+# It also provides a few zone entries for old naming conventions.
# Many names changed in 1993 and in 1995, and many merged names moved here
# in the period from 2013 through 2022. Several of these names are
# also present in the file 'backzone', which has data important only
Link America/Noronha Brazil/DeNoronha
Link America/Sao_Paulo Brazil/East
Link America/Manaus Brazil/West
+Link Europe/Brussels CET
+Link America/Chicago CST6CDT
Link America/Halifax Canada/Atlantic
Link America/Winnipeg Canada/Central
# This line is commented out, as the name exceeded the 14-character limit
Link America/Santiago Chile/Continental
Link Pacific/Easter Chile/EasterIsland
Link America/Havana Cuba
+Link Europe/Athens EET
+Link America/Panama EST
+Link America/New_York EST5EDT
Link Africa/Cairo Egypt
Link Europe/Dublin Eire
# Vanguard section, for most .zi parsers.
Link Asia/Tokyo Japan
Link Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein
Link Africa/Tripoli Libya
+Link Europe/Brussels MET
+Link America/Phoenix MST
+Link America/Denver MST7MDT
Link America/Tijuana Mexico/BajaNorte
Link America/Mazatlan Mexico/BajaSur
Link America/Mexico_City Mexico/General
Link America/Toronto America/Thunder_Bay
Link America/Edmonton America/Yellowknife
Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole
+Link Asia/Ulaanbaatar Asia/Choibalsan
Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Chongqing
Link Asia/Shanghai Asia/Harbin
Link Asia/Urumqi Asia/Kashgar
Link Pacific/Kanton Pacific/Enderbury
Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Yap
+Link Europe/Lisbon WET
# Alternate names for the same location
# Classically, Cyprus is in Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
+Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
+Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT
Link Pacific/Pohnpei Pacific/Ponape
Link Pacific/Chuuk Pacific/Truk
-# $OpenBSD: etcetera,v 1.22 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: etcetera,v 1.23 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for ships at sea and other miscellany
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# These entries are for uses not otherwise covered by the tz database.
# Their main practical use is for platforms like Android that lack
-# support for POSIX.1-2017-style TZ strings. On such platforms these entries
+# support for POSIX proleptic TZ strings. On such platforms these entries
# can be useful if the timezone database is wrong or if a ship or
# aircraft at sea is not in a timezone.
# so we moved the names into the Etc subdirectory.
# Also, the time zone abbreviations are now compatible with %z.
-Zone Etc/GMT-14 14 - +14
-Zone Etc/GMT-13 13 - +13
-Zone Etc/GMT-12 12 - +12
-Zone Etc/GMT-11 11 - +11
-Zone Etc/GMT-10 10 - +10
-Zone Etc/GMT-9 9 - +09
-Zone Etc/GMT-8 8 - +08
-Zone Etc/GMT-7 7 - +07
-Zone Etc/GMT-6 6 - +06
-Zone Etc/GMT-5 5 - +05
-Zone Etc/GMT-4 4 - +04
-Zone Etc/GMT-3 3 - +03
-Zone Etc/GMT-2 2 - +02
-Zone Etc/GMT-1 1 - +01
-Zone Etc/GMT+1 -1 - -01
-Zone Etc/GMT+2 -2 - -02
-Zone Etc/GMT+3 -3 - -03
-Zone Etc/GMT+4 -4 - -04
-Zone Etc/GMT+5 -5 - -05
-Zone Etc/GMT+6 -6 - -06
-Zone Etc/GMT+7 -7 - -07
-Zone Etc/GMT+8 -8 - -08
-Zone Etc/GMT+9 -9 - -09
-Zone Etc/GMT+10 -10 - -10
-Zone Etc/GMT+11 -11 - -11
-Zone Etc/GMT+12 -12 - -12
+Zone Etc/GMT-14 14 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-13 13 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-12 12 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-11 11 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-10 10 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-9 9 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-8 8 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-7 7 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-6 6 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-5 5 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-4 4 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-3 3 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-2 2 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT-1 1 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+1 -1 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+2 -2 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+3 -3 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+4 -4 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+5 -5 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+6 -6 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+7 -7 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+8 -8 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+9 -9 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+10 -10 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+11 -11 - %z
+Zone Etc/GMT+12 -12 - %z
-# $OpenBSD: europe,v 1.92 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: europe,v 1.93 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for Europe and environs
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered
# to be standard.
-# These are for backward compatibility with older versions.
-
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT
-Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT
-Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT
-Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT
-
# Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST
# for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage.
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990
3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 3:00 - +03
+ 3:00 - %z
# Belgium
#
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
- -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
- -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996
+ -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00
+ -3:00 EU %z 1996
0:00 - GMT
#
# Use the old name Scoresbysund, as the current name Ittoqqortoormiit
# exceeds tzdb's 14-letter limit and has no common English abbreviation.
Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
- -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00
- -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29
- -1:00 EU -01/+00 2024 Mar 31
- -2:00 EU -02/-01
+ -2:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00
+ -2:00 C-Eur %z 1981 Mar 29
+ -1:00 EU %z 2024 Mar 31
+ -2:00 EU %z
Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb
- -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
- -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 26 1:00u
- -2:00 - -02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u
- -2:00 EU -02/-01
+ -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00
+ -3:00 EU %z 2023 Mar 26 1:00u
+ -2:00 - %z 2023 Oct 29 1:00u
+ -2:00 EU %z
Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik
-4:00 Thule A%sT
# Portugal
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne:
-# According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26)
-# https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
-# Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00.
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07) and Michael
+# Deckers (2021-02-10):
+# http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/2018/01/hl1911a2018.pdf/
+# The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon has published a list detailing the
+# historical transitions in legal time within continental Portugal. It
+# directly references many decrees and ordinances which are, in turn,
+# referenced below. They can be viewed in the public archives of the Diário da
+# República (until 1976-04-09 known as the Diário do Govêrno) at
+# https://dre.pt/ (in Portuguese).
+#
+# Most of the Rules below have been updated simply to match the Observatory's
+# listing for continental (mainland) Portugal. Although there are over 50
+# referenced decrees and ordinances, only the handful with comments below have
+# been verified against the text, typically to provide additional confidence
+# wherever dates provided by Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger had disagreed.
+# See further below for the Azores and Madeira.
+
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a
+# heads-up from Stephen Colebourne:
+# According to a 1911-05-24 Portuguese decree, Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but
+# switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/593090
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/593090
+# The decree made legal time throughout Portugal and her possessions
+# "subordinate to the Greenwich meridian, according to the principle adopted at
+# the Washington Convention in 1884" and eliminated the "difference of five
+# minutes between the internal and external clocks of railway stations".
+#
+# The decree was gazetted in the 1911-05-30 issue of Diário do Govêrno, and is
+# considered to be dated 1911-05-24 by that issue's summary; however, the text
+# of the decree itself is dated 1911-05-26. The Diário da República website
+# notes the discrepancy, but later laws and the Observatory all seem to refer
+# to this decree by the 1911-05-24 date.
#
# From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15):
# article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...:
# according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins,
# all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ...
-# From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12):
-# Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone
-# (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC.
-#
-# Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve
-# that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring.
-# The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter.
-#
-# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12):
-# IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions
-# at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos.
-# IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00.
-# IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00.
-# Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal
-# harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter.
-#
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not
-# done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules.
-# Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (1999-01-30):
+# DSH writes in their history that Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 established
+# summer time and that, "despite" this, the change to the clocks was not done
+# every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules.
+# In fact, that decree had nothing to do with DST; rather, it regulated the
+# sending of time signals. But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/1469-1915-285721
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/285721
+#
+# According to the Observatory, standard time was first advanced by Decreto
+# 2433 of 1916-06-09 and restored by Decreto 2712 of 1916-10-28. While Whitman
+# gives 1916-10-31 for the latter transition, Shanks & Pottenger agrees more
+# closely with the decree, which stated that its provision "will start sixty
+# minutes after the end of 31 October, according to the current time," i.e.,
+# 01:00 on 1 November.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2433-1916-267192
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/267192
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2712-1916-590937
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/590937
Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S
-# Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 -
-Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -
-Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Article 7 of Decreto 2922 of 1916-12-30 stated that "the legal time will be
+# advanced by sixty minutes from 1 March to 31 October." Per Article 15, this
+# came into force from 1917-01-01. Just before the first fall back, Decreto
+# 3446 of 1917-10-11 changed the annual end date to 14 October.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2922-1916-261894
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/261894
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/3446-1917-495161
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/495161
+# This annual change was revoked by Decreto 8038 of 1922-02-18.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/8038-1922-569751
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/569751
+Rule Port 1917 1921 - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 24:00 0 -
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Decreto 9592 of 1924-04-14 noted that "France maintains the advance of legal
+# time in the summer and Spain has now adopted it for the first time" and
+# considered "that the absence of similar measures would cause serious
+# difficulties for international rail connections with consequent repercussions
+# on domestic service hours..." along with "inconvenient analogues...for postal
+# and telegraph services." Summer time would be in effect from 17 April to 4
+# October, with the spring change explicitly specified by bringing clocks
+# forward from 16 April 23:00.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/9592-1924-652133
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/652133
+#
+# Decreto 10700, issued 1925-04-16, noted that Spain had not continued summer
+# time, declared that "the current legal hour prior to 17 April remains
+# unchanged from that day forward", and revoked legislation to the contrary,
+# just a day before summer time would have otherwise resumed.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/10700-1925-437826
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/437826
Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S
# Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+# Note: The 1935 law specified 10-06 00:00, not 10-05 24:00, but the following
+# is equivalent and more succinct.
Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman.
Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
# Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Portaria 9465 of 1940-02-17 advanced clocks from Saturday 1940-02-24 23:00.
+# The clocks were restored by Portaria 9658, issued Monday 1940-10-07,
+# effective from 24:00 that very night, which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger;
+# Whitman gives Saturday 1940-10-05 instead.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9465-1940-189096
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/189096
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9658-1940-196729
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/196729
Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S
-# Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman.
-Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 -
Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer
Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M
Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 -
-# Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-# Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule Port 1947 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07):
+# The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon cites Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for
+# 1947 and Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/11767-1947-414787
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/414787
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/12286-1948-152953
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/152953
+#
+# Although the latter ordinance explicitly had the 1948-10-03 transition
+# scheduled for 02:00 rather than 03:00 as had been used in 1947, Decreto-Lei
+# 37048 of 1948-09-07 recognized "that it is advisable to definitely set...the
+# 'summer time' regime", and fixed the fall transition at 03:00 moving forward.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/37048-1948-373810
+# https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/373810
+# While the Observatory only cites this act for 1949-1965 and not for 1948, it
+# does not appear to have had any provision delaying its effect, so assume that
+# it overrode the prior ordinance for 1948-10-03.
+#
+# Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950 and gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on.
+# The Observatory, however, agrees with Shanks & Pottenger that 1950 was not an
+# exception and that Oct Sun>=1 was maintained through 1965.
+Rule Port 1947 1966 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
-Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
-Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01 considered that the "duality" in time was
+# "the cause of serious disturbances" and noted that "the countries with which
+# we have the most frequent contacts...have already adopted" a solution
+# coinciding with the extant "summer time". It established that the former
+# "summer time" would apply year-round on the mainland and adjacent islands
+# with immediate effect, as the fall back would have otherwise occurred later
+# that evening.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/47233-1966-293729
+# Model this by changing zones without changing clocks at the
+# previously-appointed fall back time.
+#
+# Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 acknowledged that those international
+# contacts had returned to adopting seasonal times, and considered that the
+# year-round advancement "entails considerable sacrifices for the vast majority
+# of the working population during the winter months", including morning
+# visibility concerns for schoolchildren. It specified, beginning 1976-09-26
+# 01:00, an annual return to UT+00 on the mainland from 00:00 UT on Sep lastSun
+# to 00:00 UT on Mar lastSun (unless the latter date fell on Easter, in which
+# case it was to be brought forward to the preceding Sunday). It also assigned
+# the Permanent Time Commission to study and propose revisions for the Azores
+# and Madeira, neither of which resumed DST until 1982 (as described further
+# below).
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/309-1976-502063
+Rule Port 1976 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
+Rule Port 1977 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Beginning in 1978, rather than triggering the Easter rule of the 1976 decree
+# (Easter fell on 1978-03-26), Article 5 was used instead, which allowed DST
+# dates to be changed by order of the Minister of Education and Scientific
+# Research, upon consultation with the Permanent Time Commission, "whenever
+# considered convenient." As such, a series of one-off ordinances were
+# promulgated for the mainland in 1978 through 1980, after which the 1976
+# decree naturally came back into force from 1981.
+Rule Port 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1979 1980 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
+Rule Port 1981 1986 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Port 1981 1985 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 -
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Decreto-Lei 44-B/86 of 1986-03-07 switched mainland Portugal's transition
+# times from 0:00s to 1:00u to harmonize with the EEC from 1986-03-30.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/44-b-1986-628280
+# (Transitions of 1:00s as previously reported and used by the W-Eur rules,
+# though equivalent, appear to have been fiction here.) Madeira continued to
+# use 0:00s for spring 1986 before joining with the mainland using 1:00u in the
+# fall; meanwhile, in the Azores the two were equivalent, so the law specifying
+# 0:00s wasn't touched until 1992. (See below for more on the islands.)
+#
+# From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12):
+# Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone
+# (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC.
+#
+# Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve
+# that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring.
+# The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12):
+# IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions
+# at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos.
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
#STDOFF -0:36:44.68
Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884
-0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT
- 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+ 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Oct 2 2:00s
1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00
- 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
- 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+ 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00u
1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u
0:00 EU WE%sT
+
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# For the Azores and Madeira, legislation was followed from the laws currently
+# in force as listed at:
+# https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/
+# working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to
+# Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the
+# mainland and its adjacent islands. Because of that reference, it is
+# therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that
+# of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly
+# specify DST practices for the islands.
Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada
-1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT
# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
-# -2:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00
-# -1:00 Port %z 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
-# -1:00 W-Eur %z 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+ -2:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# While Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 reintroduced DST on the mainland by
+# falling back on 1976-09-26, it assigned the Permanent Time Commission to
+# study and propose revisions for the Azores and Madeira. Decreto Regional
+# 9/77/A of 1977-05-17 affirmed that "the legal time remained unchanged in the
+# Azores" at UT-1, and would remain there year-round.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/9-1977-252066
+#
+# Decreto Regional 2/82/A, published 1982-03-02, adopted DST in the same
+# fashion as the mainland used at the time.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/2-1982-599965
+# Though transitions in the Azores officially remained at 0:00s through 1992,
+# this was equivalent to the EU-style 1:00u adopted by the mainland in 1986, so
+# model it as such.
+ -1:00 - %z 1982 Mar 28 0:00s
+ -1:00 Port %z 1986
# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk.
- -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s
- -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s
- -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s
- -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s
- -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s
- -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s
- -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s
- -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s
- -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00
- -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
- -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
+# -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s
+# -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Oct 2 2:00s
+# -1:00 - -01 1982 Mar 28 0:00s
+# -1:00 Port -01/+00 1986
# End of rearguard section.
- 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u
- -1:00 EU -01/+00
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12):
+# IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00.
+# IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00.
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# After mainland Portugal had shifted forward an hour from 1992-09-27, Decreto
+# Legislativo Regional 29/92/A of 1992-12-23 sought to "reduce the time
+# difference" by shifting the Azores forward as well from 1992-12-27. Just six
+# months later, this was revoked by Decreto Legislativo Regional 9/93/A, citing
+# "major changes in work habits and way of life." Though the revocation didn't
+# give a transition time, it was signed Wednesday 1993-06-16; assume it took
+# effect later that evening, and that an EU-style spring forward (to +01) was
+# still observed in the interim on 1993-03-28.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/29-1992-621553
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/9-1993-389633
+ -1:00 EU %z 1992 Dec 27 1:00s
+ 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Jun 17 1:00u
+ -1:00 EU %z
+
Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal
-1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT
# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z.
-# -1:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+ -1:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s
# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk.
- -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s
- -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s
- -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s
- -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s
- -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s
- -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s
- -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s
- -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s
- -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00
+# -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s
+# -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Oct 2 2:00s
# End of rearguard section.
- 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
+#
+# From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
+# Decreto Regional 5/82/M, published 1982-04-03, established DST transitions at
+# 0:00u, which for Madeira is equivalent to the mainland's rules (0:00s) at the
+# time. It came into effect the day following its publication, Sunday
+# 1982-04-04, thus resuming Madeira's DST practice about a week later than the
+# mainland and the Azores.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/5-1982-608273
+#
+# Decreto Legislativo Regional 18/86/M, published 1986-10-01, adopted EU-style
+# rules (1:00u) and entered into immediate force after being signed on
+# 1986-07-31.
+# https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/18-1986-221705
+ 0:00 - WET 1982 Apr 4
+ 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 Jul 31
0:00 EU WE%sT
# Romania
2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
2:00 - EET
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056
Zone Europe/Astrakhan 3:12:12 - LMT 1924 May
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
# Europe/Volgograd covers:
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202012220002
Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 - %z 1961 Nov 11
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
3:00 - MSK 2018 Oct 28 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 2020 Dec 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 2020 Dec 27 2:00s
3:00 - MSK
# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031
Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 3:00 - +03 2016 Dec 4 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 2016 Dec 4 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# Europe/Kirov covers:
# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
#
Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
3:00 - MSK
# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 - +04 1935 Jan 27
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
- 3:00 - +03 1991 Oct 20 3:00
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 - %z 1935 Jan 27
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 Russia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20 3:00
+ 4:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# Europe/Ulyanovsk covers:
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051
Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u
- 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
- 4:00 - +04
+ 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 2:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 4:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
# Asia/Yekaterinburg covers...
#STDOFF 4:02:32.9
Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3
3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
- 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21
- 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 5:00 Russia +05/+06 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 5:00 - +05
+ 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 5:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 4:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 5:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 5:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
# Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30.
Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:30 - LMT 1919 Nov 14
- 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06
+ 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 6:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 5:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22):
# Asia/Barnaul covers:
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038
Zone Asia/Barnaul 5:35:00 - LMT 1919 Dec 10
- 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1995 May 28
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07
+ 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1995 May 28
+ 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# Asia/Novosibirsk covers:
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201607040064
Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
- 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2016 Jul 24 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07
+ 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P.
+ 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2016 Jul 24 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
# Asia/Tomsk covers:
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604260048
Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:51 - LMT 1919 Dec 22
- 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2002 May 1 3:00
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 6:00 - +06 2016 May 29 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07
+ 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia %z 2002 May 1 3:00
+ 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 6:00 - %z 2016 May 29 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# realigning itself with KRAT.
Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - LMT 1924 May 1
- 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07
+ 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
# Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers...
# Byalokoz 1919 says Krasnoyarsk was 6:11:26.
Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:26 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
- 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 8:00 - +08 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 7:00 - +07
+ 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 8:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 7:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:05 - LMT 1880
6:57:05 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
- 7:00 - +07 1930 Jun 21
- 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 8:00 Russia +08/+09 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 9:00 - +09 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 8:00 - +08
+ 7:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 8:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 7:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 8:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 9:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 8:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107
Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
- 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 8:00 - +08 2016 Mar 27 2:00
- 9:00 - +09
+ 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 8:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00
+ 9:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
# Byalokoz 1919 says Yakutsk was 8:38:58.
Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:58 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
- 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 9:00 - +09
+ 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 9:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
# Go with Byalokoz.
Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:31 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
- 9:00 - +09 1930 Jun 21
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 10:00 - +10
+ 9:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 10:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 9:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 10:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
- 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2004
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 11:00 - +11 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
- 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 9:00 - +09
+ 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 9:00 Russia %z 2004
+ 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 11:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
+ 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 9:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23
- 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 25
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 10:00 - +10 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
- 11:00 - +11
+ 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 25
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T
+ 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 10:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 11:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
# http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038
Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 10:00 - +10 2016 Apr 24 2:00s
- 11:00 - +11
+ 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 10:00 - %z 2016 Apr 24 2:00s
+ 11:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
# Go with Srednekolymsk.
Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 11:00 - +11
+ 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 11:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# UTC+12 since at least then, too.
Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
- 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21
- 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1981 Apr 1
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 12:00 - +12 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
- 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
- 10:00 - +10
+ 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 9:00 Russia %z 1981 Apr 1
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 12:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
+ 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
+ 10:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25):
# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps
# Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long.
Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10
- 11:00 - +11 1930 Jun 21
- 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 12:00 - +12
+ 11:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 12:00 - %z
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2
- 12:00 - +12 1930 Jun 21
- 13:00 Russia +13/+14 1982 Apr 1 0:00s
- 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
- 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
- 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
- 12:00 - +12
+ 12:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21
+ 13:00 Russia %z 1982 Apr 1 0:00s
+ 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+ 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s
+ 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+ 12:00 - %z
# San Marino
Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino
1:00 - CET 1986
1:00 EU CE%sT
Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
- -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00
+ -1:00 - %z 1946 Sep 30 1:00
0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s
0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 1:00u
0:00 EU WE%sT
# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one
# hour before the beginning of service.
-# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11):
-# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46.
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24):
+# Express BMT as 0:29:45.500, approximately the same precision 7° 26' 22.50".
#
# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland
# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book:
Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 -
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment.
+ #STDOFF 0:29:45.500
0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time
1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981
1:00 EU CE%sT
Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880
1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time?
2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29
- 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1984 Nov 1 2:00
+ 3:00 Turkey %z 1984 Nov 1 2:00
2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007
2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u
2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u
2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u
2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u
2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7
- 3:00 - +03
+ 3:00 - %z
# Ukraine
#
-# $OpenBSD: leap-seconds.list,v 1.3 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
-# ATOMIC TIME.
-# The Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the reference time scale derived
+# $OpenBSD: leap-seconds.list,v 1.4 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
+# ATOMIC TIME
+# Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the reference time scale derived
# from The "Temps Atomique International" (TAI) calculated by the Bureau
# International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) using a worldwide network of atomic
# clocks. UTC differs from TAI by an integer number of seconds; it is the basis
#
# ASTRONOMICAL TIME (UT1) is the time scale based on the rate of rotation of the earth.
# It is now mainly derived from Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). The various
-# irregular fluctuations progressively detected in the rotation rate of the Earth lead
+# irregular fluctuations progressively detected in the rotation rate of the Earth led
# in 1972 to the replacement of UT1 by UTC as the reference time scale.
#
#
# LEAP SECOND
-# Atomic clocks are more stable than the rate of the earth rotation since the latter
+# Atomic clocks are more stable than the rate of the earth's rotation since the latter
# undergoes a full range of geophysical perturbations at various time scales: lunisolar
-# and core-mantle torques, atmospheric and oceanic effetcs, etc.
+# and core-mantle torques, atmospheric and oceanic effects, etc.
# Leap seconds are needed to keep the two time scales in agreement, i.e. UT1-UTC smaller
-# than 0.9 second. Therefore, when necessary a "leap second" is applied to UTC.
+# than 0.9 seconds. Therefore, when necessary a "leap second" is applied to UTC.
# Since the adoption of this system in 1972 it has been necessary to add a number of seconds to UTC,
# firstly due to the initial choice of the value of the second (1/86400 mean solar day of
# the year 1820) and secondly to the general slowing down of the Earth's rotation. It is
-# theorically possible to have a negative leap second (a second removed from UTC), but so far,
+# theoretically possible to have a negative leap second (a second removed from UTC), but so far,
# all leap seconds have been positive (a second has been added to UTC). Based on what we know about
# the earth's rotation, it is unlikely that we will ever have a negative leap second.
#
#
# HISTORY
-# The first leap second was added on June 30, 1972. Until yhe year 2000, it was necessary in average to add a
+# The first leap second was added on June 30, 1972. Until the year 2000, it was necessary in average to add a
# leap second at a rate of 1 to 2 years. Since the year 2000 leap seconds are introduced with an
-# average interval of 3 to 4 years due to the acceleration of the Earth rotation speed.
+# average interval of 3 to 4 years due to the acceleration of the Earth's rotation speed.
#
#
-# RESPONSABILITY OF THE DECISION TO INTRODUCE A LEAP SECOND IN UTC
+# RESPONSIBILITY OF THE DECISION TO INTRODUCE A LEAP SECOND IN UTC
# The decision to introduce a leap second in UTC is the responsibility of the Earth Orientation Center of
# the International Earth Rotation and reference System Service (IERS). This center is located at Paris
-# Observatory. According to international agreements, leap seconds should only be scheduled for certain dates:
+# Observatory. According to international agreements, leap seconds should be scheduled only for certain dates:
# first preference is given to the end of December and June, and second preference at the end of March
# and September. Since the introduction of leap seconds in 1972, only dates in June and December were used.
#
#
# The following line shows the last update of this file in NTP timestamp:
#
-#$ 3913697179
+#$ 3929093563
#
# 2) Expiration date of the file given on a semi-annual basis: last June or last December
#
-# File expires on 28 December 2024
+# File expires on 28 June 2025
#
# Expire date in NTP timestamp:
#
-#@ 3944332800
+#@ 3960057600
#
#
# LIST OF LEAP SECONDS
# please see the readme file in the 'source' directory :
# https://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/ntp/sources/README
#
-#h 9dac5845 8acd32c0 2947d462 daf4a943 f58d9391
+#h be738595 57b0cf1b b0218343 fb77062f 5a775e7
-# $OpenBSD: northamerica,v 1.86 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: northamerica,v 1.87 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
-# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
-# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
-# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
-# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
-# this time zone package.
-# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
-# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
-# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
-# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
-# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
-
-# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone EST -5:00 - EST
-Zone MST -7:00 - MST
-Zone HST -10:00 - HST
-Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
-Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
-Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
-Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
-
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
# the relevant documents.
+# From Heitor David Pinto (2024-08-04):
+# In 1931, the decree implementing DST specified that it would take
+# effect on 30 April....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=192270&pagina=2&seccion=1
+#
+# In 1981, the decree changing Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo to UTC-5
+# specified that it would enter into force on 26 December 1981 at 2:00....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4705667&fecha=23/12/1981&cod_diario=202796
+#
+# In 1982, the decree returning Campeche and Yucatán to UTC-6 specified that
+# it would enter into force on 2 November 1982 at 2:00....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=205689&pagina=3&seccion=0
+#
+# Quintana Roo changed to UTC-6 on 4 January 1983 at 0:00, and again
+# to UTC-5 on 26 October 1997 at 2:00....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4787355&fecha=28/12/1982&cod_diario=206112
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=209559&pagina=15&seccion=0
+#
+# Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas were set to UTC-7 on 1 January
+# 1922, and changed to UTC-6 on 10 June 1927. Then Durango, Coahuila and
+# Nuevo León (but not Tamaulipas) returned to UTC-7 on 15 November 1930,
+# observed DST in 1931, and changed again to UTC-6 on 1 April 1932....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4441846&fecha=29/12/1921&cod_diario=187468
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4541520&fecha=09/06/1927&cod_diario=193920
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4491963&fecha=15/11/1930&cod_diario=190835
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4418437&fecha=21/01/1932&cod_diario=185588
+#
+# ... the ... 10 June 1927 ... decree only said 10 June 1927, without
+# specifying a time, so I suppose that it should be considered at 0:00.
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4541520&fecha=09/06/1927&cod_diario=193920
+#
+# In 1942, the decree changing Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora,
+# Sinaloa and Nayarit to UTC-7 was published on 24 April, but it said that it
+# would apply from 1 April, so it's unclear when the change actually
+# occurred. The database currently shows 24 April 1942.
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=192203&pagina=2&seccion=1
+#
+# Baja California Sur, Sonora, Sinaloa and Nayarit never used UTC-8. The ...
+# 14 January 1949 ... change [to UTC-8] only occurred in Baja California.
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4515613&fecha=13/01/1949&cod_diario=192309
+#
+# In 1945, the decree changing Baja California to UTC-8 specified that it
+# would take effect on the third day from its publication.
+# It was published on 12 November, so it would take effect on 15 November....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4555049&fecha=12/11/1945&cod_diario=194763
+#
+# In 1948, the decree changing Baja California to UTC-7 specified that it
+# would take effect on "this date". The decree was made on 13 March,
+# but published on 5 April, so it's unclear when the change actually occurred.
+# The database currently shows 5 April 1948.
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=188624&pagina=2&seccion=0
+#
+# In 1949, the decree changing Baja California to UTC-8 was published on 13
+# January, but it said that it would apply from 1 January, so it's unclear when
+# the change actually occurred. The database currently shows 14 January 1949.
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4515613&fecha=13/01/1949&cod_diario=192309
+#
+# Baja California also observed UTC-7 from 1 May to 24 September 1950,
+# from 29 April to 30 September 1951 at 2:00,
+# and from 27 April to 28 September 1952 at 2:00....
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4600403&fecha=29/04/1950&cod_diario=197505
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4623553&fecha=23/09/1950&cod_diario=198805
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4469444&fecha=27/04/1951&cod_diario=189317
+# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4533868&fecha=10/03/1952&cod_diario=193465
+#
+# All changes in Baja California from 1948 to 1952 match those in California,
+# on the same dates or with a difference of one day.
+# So it may be easier to implement these changes as DST with rule CA
+# during this whole period.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2024-08-18):
+# For now, maintain the slightly-different history for Baja California,
+# as we have no information on whether 1948/1952 clocks in Tijuana followed
+# the decrees or followed San Diego.
+
# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
# http://puentelibre.mx/noticia/ciudad_juarez_cambio_horario_noviembre_2022/
# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Mexico 1931 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 D
+Rule Mexico 1931 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Mexico 1931 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 6:00u
- -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
+ -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 26 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1983 Jan 4 0:00
+ -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1997 Oct 26 2:00
-5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
-6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
-5:00 - EST
# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 6:00u
- -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
- -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
+ -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 26 2:00
+ -5:00 - EST 1982 Nov 2 2:00
-6:00 Mexico C%sT
# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
# This includes the following municipios:
-6:00 US C%sT
# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 6:00u
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
+ -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
+ -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1988
-6:00 US C%sT 1989
-6:00 Mexico C%sT
# Central Mexico
Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
# Práxedis G Guerrero.
# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/65/2a022/nov/20221124-VII.pdf
Zone America/Ciudad_Juarez -7:05:56 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1996
# Benavides.
# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/65/2a022/nov/20221124-VII.pdf
Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1996
-6:00 US C%sT
# Chihuahua (away from US border)
Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1996
-6:00 - CST
# Sonora
Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
- -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
- -8:00 - PST 1970
+ -7:00 - MST 1996
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
-7:00 - MST
# Baja California Sur, Nayarit (except Bahía de Banderas), Sinaloa
Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
- -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
- -8:00 - PST 1970
+ -7:00 - MST 1970
-7:00 Mexico M%sT
# Bahía de Banderas
# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
- -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10
-6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 1932 Apr 1
-6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
- -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
- -8:00 - PST 1970
+ -7:00 - MST 1970
-7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
-6:00 Mexico C%sT
# Baja California
Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 7:00u
-7:00 - MST 1924
- -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
+ -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10
-7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
-8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
-8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
-8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
-8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
- -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
+ -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 15 # Peace
-8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
-8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
+ -8:00 - PST 1950 May 1
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1950 Sep 24
+ -8:00 - PST 1951 Apr 29 2:00
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1951 Sep 30 2:00
+ -8:00 - PST 1952 Apr 27 2:00
+ -8:00 1:00 PDT 1952 Sep 28 2:00
-8:00 - PST 1954
-8:00 CA P%sT 1961
-8:00 - PST 1976
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 Jun 15 # St Pierre
-4:00 - AST 1980 May
- -3:00 - -03 1987
- -3:00 Canada -03/-02
+ -3:00 - %z 1987
+ -3:00 Canada %z
# St Vincent & the Grenadines
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-# $OpenBSD: southamerica,v 1.81 2024/02/05 17:07:23 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: southamerica,v 1.82 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb data for South America and environs
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Córdoba Mean Time
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg %z
#
# Córdoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
# Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg %z
#
# Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquén (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Tucumán (TM)
Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 13
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jun 13
+ -3:00 Arg %z
#
# La Rioja (LR)
Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 1
- -4:00 - -04 1991 May 7
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 May 7
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# San Juan (SJ)
Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 1
- -4:00 - -04 1991 May 7
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 May 31
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jul 25
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 May 7
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 May 31
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jul 25
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Jujuy (JY)
Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1990 Mar 4
- -4:00 - -04 1990 Oct 28
- -4:00 1:00 -03 1991 Mar 17
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 6
- -3:00 1:00 -02 1992
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1990 Mar 4
+ -4:00 - %z 1990 Oct 28
+ -4:00 1:00 %z 1991 Mar 17
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Oct 6
+ -3:00 1:00 %z 1992
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Mendoza (MZ)
Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1990 Mar 4
- -4:00 - -04 1990 Oct 15
- -4:00 1:00 -03 1991 Mar 1
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 15
- -4:00 1:00 -03 1992 Mar 1
- -4:00 - -04 1992 Oct 18
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 May 23
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Sep 26
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1990 Mar 4
+ -4:00 - %z 1990 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 %z 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 %z 1992 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1992 Oct 18
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 May 23
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Sep 26
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# San Luis (SL)
Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1990
- -3:00 1:00 -02 1990 Mar 14
- -4:00 - -04 1990 Oct 15
- -4:00 1:00 -03 1991 Mar 1
- -4:00 - -04 1991 Jun 1
- -3:00 - -03 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 1:00 -03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 May 31
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jul 25
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Jan 21
- -4:00 SanLuis -04/-03 2009 Oct 11
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1990
+ -3:00 1:00 %z 1990 Mar 14
+ -4:00 - %z 1990 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 %z 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1991 Jun 1
+ -3:00 - %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 1:00 %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 May 31
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jul 25
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Jan 21
+ -4:00 SanLuis %z 2009 Oct 11
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Santa Cruz (SC)
Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (TF)
Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
#STDOFF -4:16:48.25
-4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
- -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3
- -3:00 - -03 2004 May 30
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 2008 Oct 18
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg %z 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - %z 2004 May 30
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg %z 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - %z
# Aruba
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
-4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
-4:32:36 1:00 BST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
- -4:00 - -04
+ -4:00 - %z
# Brazil
#
# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
- -2:00 Brazil -02/-01 1990 Sep 17
- -2:00 - -02 1999 Sep 30
- -2:00 Brazil -02/-01 2000 Oct 15
- -2:00 - -02 2001 Sep 13
- -2:00 Brazil -02/-01 2002 Oct 1
- -2:00 - -02
+ -2:00 Brazil %z 1990 Sep 17
+ -2:00 - %z 1999 Sep 30
+ -2:00 Brazil %z 2000 Oct 15
+ -2:00 - %z 2001 Sep 13
+ -2:00 Brazil %z 2002 Oct 1
+ -2:00 - %z
# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
# These include Trindade and Martim Vaz (administratively part of ES),
# Rocas Atoll (RN), and the St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (PE).
# In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
# the border with Amapá) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1988 Sep 12
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# west Pará (PA)
# West Pará includes Altamira, Óbidos, Prainha, Oriximiná, and Santarém.
Zone America/Santarem -3:38:48 - LMT 1914
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
- -4:00 - -04 2008 Jun 24 0:00
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - %z 2008 Jun 24 0:00
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Maranhão (MA), Piauí (PI), Ceará (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
# Paraíba (PB)
Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
- -3:00 - -03 1999 Sep 30
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2000 Oct 22
- -3:00 - -03 2001 Sep 13
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2002 Oct 1
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - %z 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2000 Oct 22
+ -3:00 - %z 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
- -3:00 - -03 1999 Sep 30
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2000 Oct 15
- -3:00 - -03 2001 Sep 13
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2002 Oct 1
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - %z 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2000 Oct 15
+ -3:00 - %z 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Tocantins (TO)
Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
- -3:00 - -03 1995 Sep 14
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2003 Sep 24
- -3:00 - -03 2012 Oct 21
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2013 Sep
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - %z 1995 Sep 14
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2003 Sep 24
+ -3:00 - %z 2012 Oct 21
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2013 Sep
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1990 Sep 17
- -3:00 - -03 1995 Oct 13
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1996 Sep 4
- -3:00 - -03 1999 Sep 30
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2000 Oct 22
- -3:00 - -03 2001 Sep 13
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2002 Oct 1
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - %z 1995 Oct 13
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1996 Sep 4
+ -3:00 - %z 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2000 Oct 22
+ -3:00 - %z 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Bahia (BA)
# There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
# of America/Salvador.
Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2003 Sep 24
- -3:00 - -03 2011 Oct 16
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 2012 Oct 21
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2003 Sep 24
+ -3:00 - %z 2011 Oct 16
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 2012 Oct 21
+ -3:00 - %z
#
# Goiás (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
# Espírito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP), Paraná (PR),
# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02 1963 Oct 23 0:00
- -3:00 1:00 -02 1964
- -3:00 Brazil -03/-02
+ -3:00 Brazil %z 1963 Oct 23 0:00
+ -3:00 1:00 %z 1964
+ -3:00 Brazil %z
#
# Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03
+ -4:00 Brazil %z
#
# Mato Grosso (MT)
Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 2003 Sep 24
- -4:00 - -04 2004 Oct 1
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 2003 Sep 24
+ -4:00 - %z 2004 Oct 1
+ -4:00 Brazil %z
#
# Rondônia (RO)
Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
- -4:00 - -04
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - %z
#
# Roraima (RR)
Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
- -4:00 - -04 1999 Sep 30
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 2000 Oct 15
- -4:00 - -04
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - %z 1999 Sep 30
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 2000 Oct 15
+ -4:00 - %z
#
# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutaí, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
# The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
# east from west Amazonas.
Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1988 Sep 12
- -4:00 - -04 1993 Sep 28
- -4:00 Brazil -04/-03 1994 Sep 22
- -4:00 - -04
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - %z 1993 Sep 28
+ -4:00 Brazil %z 1994 Sep 22
+ -4:00 - %z
#
# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
# Eirunepé, Envira, Ipixuna
Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
- -5:00 Brazil -05/-04 1988 Sep 12
- -5:00 - -05 1993 Sep 28
- -5:00 Brazil -05/-04 1994 Sep 22
- -5:00 - -05 2008 Jun 24 0:00
- -4:00 - -04 2013 Nov 10
- -5:00 - -05
+ -5:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -5:00 - %z 1993 Sep 28
+ -5:00 Brazil %z 1994 Sep 22
+ -5:00 - %z 2008 Jun 24 0:00
+ -4:00 - %z 2013 Nov 10
+ -5:00 - %z
#
# Acre (AC)
Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
- -5:00 Brazil -05/-04 1988 Sep 12
- -5:00 - -05 2008 Jun 24 0:00
- -4:00 - -04 2013 Nov 10
- -5:00 - -05
+ -5:00 Brazil %z 1988 Sep 12
+ -5:00 - %z 2008 Jun 24 0:00
+ -4:00 - %z 2013 Nov 10
+ -5:00 - %z
# Chile
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Santiago -4:42:45 - LMT 1890
-4:42:45 - SMT 1910 Jan 10 # Santiago Mean Time
- -5:00 - -05 1916 Jul 1
+ -5:00 - %z 1916 Jul 1
-4:42:45 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
- -4:00 - -04 1919 Jul 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1919 Jul 1
-4:42:45 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
- -5:00 Chile -05/-04 1932 Sep 1
- -4:00 - -04 1942 Jun 1
- -5:00 - -05 1942 Aug 1
- -4:00 - -04 1946 Jul 14 24:00
- -4:00 1:00 -03 1946 Aug 28 24:00 # central CL
- -5:00 1:00 -04 1947 Mar 31 24:00
- -5:00 - -05 1947 May 21 23:00
- -4:00 Chile -04/-03
+ -5:00 Chile %z 1932 Sep 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1942 Jun 1
+ -5:00 - %z 1942 Aug 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1946 Jul 14 24:00
+ -4:00 1:00 %z 1946 Aug 28 24:00 # central CL
+ -5:00 1:00 %z 1947 Mar 31 24:00
+ -5:00 - %z 1947 May 21 23:00
+ -4:00 Chile %z
Zone America/Punta_Arenas -4:43:40 - LMT 1890
-4:42:45 - SMT 1910 Jan 10
- -5:00 - -05 1916 Jul 1
+ -5:00 - %z 1916 Jul 1
-4:42:45 - SMT 1918 Sep 10
- -4:00 - -04 1919 Jul 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1919 Jul 1
-4:42:45 - SMT 1927 Sep 1
- -5:00 Chile -05/-04 1932 Sep 1
- -4:00 - -04 1942 Jun 1
- -5:00 - -05 1942 Aug 1
- -4:00 - -04 1946 Aug 28 24:00
- -5:00 1:00 -04 1947 Mar 31 24:00
- -5:00 - -05 1947 May 21 23:00
- -4:00 Chile -04/-03 2016 Dec 4
- -3:00 - -03
+ -5:00 Chile %z 1932 Sep 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1942 Jun 1
+ -5:00 - %z 1942 Aug 1
+ -4:00 - %z 1946 Aug 28 24:00
+ -5:00 1:00 %z 1947 Mar 31 24:00
+ -5:00 - %z 1947 May 21 23:00
+ -4:00 Chile %z 2016 Dec 4
+ -3:00 - %z
Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890
-7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time
- -7:00 Chile -07/-06 1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
- -6:00 Chile -06/-05
+ -7:00 Chile %z 1982 Mar 14 3:00u # Easter Time
+ -6:00 Chile %z
#
# Salas y Gómez Island is uninhabited.
# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernández Is, Desventuradas Is,
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - -00 1965
- -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5
- -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1982 May
- -4:00 Chile -04/-03 2016 Dec 4
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 Arg %z 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg %z 1982 May
+ -4:00 Chile %z 2016 Dec 4
+ -3:00 - %z
# Colombia
#STDOFF -4:56:16.4
Zone America/Bogota -4:56:16 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
-4:56:16 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogotá Mean Time
- -5:00 CO -05/-04
+ -5:00 CO %z
# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
# no information; probably like America/Bogota
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
-5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
- -5:00 Ecuador -05/-04
+ -5:00 Ecuador %z
Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
- -5:00 - -05 1986
- -6:00 Ecuador -06/-05
+ -5:00 - %z 1986
+ -6:00 Ecuador %z
# Falklands
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
-3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
- -4:00 Falk -04/-03 1983 May
- -3:00 Falk -03/-02 1985 Sep 15
- -4:00 Falk -04/-03 2010 Sep 5 2:00
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 Falk %z 1983 May
+ -3:00 Falk %z 1985 Sep 15
+ -4:00 Falk %z 2010 Sep 5 2:00
+ -3:00 - %z
# French Guiana
# For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see:
# page 752, 18b.
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul 1
- -4:00 - -04 1967 Oct
- -3:00 - -03
+ -4:00 - %z 1967 Oct
+ -3:00 - %z
# Guyana
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Guyana -3:52:39 - LMT 1911 Aug 1 # Georgetown
- -4:00 - -04 1915 Mar 1
- -3:45 - -0345 1975 Aug 1
- -3:00 - -03 1992 Mar 29 1:00
- -4:00 - -04
+ -4:00 - %z 1915 Mar 1
+ -3:45 - %z 1975 Aug 1
+ -3:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 1:00
+ -4:00 - %z
# Paraguay
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
-3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asunción Mean Time
- -4:00 - -04 1972 Oct
- -3:00 - -03 1974 Apr
- -4:00 Para -04/-03
+ -4:00 - %z 1972 Oct
+ -3:00 - %z 1974 Apr
+ -4:00 Para %z
# Peru
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
-5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
- -5:00 Peru -05/-04
+ -5:00 Peru %z
# South Georgia
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
- -2:00 - -02
+ -2:00 - %z
# South Sandwich Is
# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
-3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
-3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
- -3:30 - -0330 1984 Oct
- -3:00 - -03
+ -3:30 - %z 1984 Oct
+ -3:00 - %z
# Trinidad and Tobago
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
# This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z.
Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:51 - LMT 1908 Jun 10
-3:44:51 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
- -4:00 - -04 1923 Oct 1
- -3:30 Uruguay -0330/-03 1942 Dec 14
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0230 1960
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-02 1968
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0230 1970
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-02 1974
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0130 1974 Mar 10
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-0230 1974 Dec 22
- -3:00 Uruguay -03/-02
+ -4:00 - %z 1923 Oct 1
+ -3:30 Uruguay %z 1942 Dec 14
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z 1960
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z 1968
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z 1970
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z 1974
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z 1974 Mar 10
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z 1974 Dec 22
+ -3:00 Uruguay %z
# Venezuela
#
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
-4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
- -4:30 - -0430 1965 Jan 1 0:00
- -4:00 - -04 2007 Dec 9 3:00
- -4:30 - -0430 2016 May 1 2:30
- -4:00 - -04
+ -4:30 - %z 1965 Jan 1 0:00
+ -4:00 - %z 2007 Dec 9 3:00
+ -4:30 - %z 2016 May 1 2:30
+ -4:00 - %z
-# $OpenBSD: zone.tab,v 1.76 2024/01/02 22:43:21 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: zone.tab,v 1.77 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb timezone descriptions (deprecated version)
#
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
ML +1239-00800 Africa/Bamako
MM +1647+09610 Asia/Yangon
MN +4755+10653 Asia/Ulaanbaatar most of Mongolia
-MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Olgiy, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
-MN +4804+11430 Asia/Choibalsan Dornod, Sukhbaatar
+MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Olgii, Hovd, Uvs
MO +221150+1133230 Asia/Macau
MP +1512+14545 Pacific/Saipan
MQ +1436-06105 America/Martinique
-# $OpenBSD: zone1970.tab,v 1.29 2024/01/02 22:43:21 millert Exp $
+# $OpenBSD: zone1970.tab,v 1.30 2024/10/02 17:08:47 millert Exp $
# tzdb timezone descriptions
#
# This file is in the public domain.
MH +0905+16720 Pacific/Kwajalein Kwajalein
MM,CC +1647+09610 Asia/Yangon
MN +4755+10653 Asia/Ulaanbaatar most of Mongolia
-MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Ölgii, Govi-Altai, Hovd, Uvs, Zavkhan
-MN +4804+11430 Asia/Choibalsan Dornod, Sükhbaatar
+MN +4801+09139 Asia/Hovd Bayan-Ölgii, Hovd, Uvs
MO +221150+1133230 Asia/Macau
MQ +1436-06105 America/Martinique
MT +3554+01431 Europe/Malta
# From Paul Eggert (2023-12-18):
# This file contains a table where each row stands for a timezone
# where civil timestamps are predicted to agree from now on.
-# This file is like zone1970.tab (see zone1970.tab's coments),
+# This file is like zone1970.tab (see zone1970.tab's comments),
# but with the following changes:
#
# 1. Each timezone corresponds to a set of clocks that are planned
#
# -01/+00 (EU DST)
XX +3744-02540 Atlantic/Azores Azores
-# -01/+00 (EU DST) until 2024-03-31; then -02/-01 (EU DST)
-XX +7029-02158 America/Scoresbysund Ittoqqortoormiit
#
# +00 - GMT
XX +0519-00402 Africa/Abidjan far western Africa; Iceland ("GMT")
XX +3431+06912 Asia/Kabul Afghanistan
#
# +05
-XX +4120+06918 Asia/Tashkent Russia; west Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Maldives
+XX +4120+06918 Asia/Tashkent Russia; Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Maldives
#
# +05 - PKT
XX +2452+06703 Asia/Karachi Pakistan ("PKT")
#
# +06
XX +2343+09025 Asia/Dhaka Russia; Kyrgyzstan; Bhutan; Bangladesh; Chagos
-# +06 until 2024-03-01; then +05
-XX +4315+07657 Asia/Almaty Kazakhstan (except western areas)
#
# +06:30
XX +1647+09610 Asia/Yangon Myanmar; Cocos
# This is not a general-purpose converter; it is designed for current tzdata.
# It just converts from current source to main, vanguard, and rearguard forms.
# Although it might be nice for it to be idempotent, or to be useful
-# for converting back and forth between vanguard and rearguard formats,
+# for converting back and forth between formats,
# it does not do these nonessential tasks now.
#
-# Although main and vanguard forms are currently equivalent,
-# this need not always be the case. When the two forms differ,
-# this script can convert either from main to vanguard form (needed then),
-# or from vanguard to main form (this conversion would be needed later,
-# after main became rearguard and vanguard became main).
+# This script can convert from main to vanguard form and vice versa.
# There is no need to convert rearguard to other forms.
#
# When converting to vanguard form, the output can use the line
}
# If this line should differ due to Portugal benefiting from %z if supported,
- # uncomment the desired version and comment out the undesired one.
- if ($0 ~ /^#?[\t ]+-[12]:00[\t ]+Port[\t ]+[%+-]/) {
- if (($0 ~ /%z/) == (DATAFORM == "vanguard")) {
- uncomment = in_comment
- } else {
+ # comment out the undesired version and uncomment the desired one.
+ if ($0 ~ /^#?[\t ]+-[12]:00[\t ]+((Port|W-Eur)[\t ]+[%+-]|-[\t ]+(%z|-01)[\t ]+1982 Mar 28)/) {
+ if (($0 ~ /%z/) == (DATAFORM == "rearguard")) {
comment_out = !in_comment
+ } else {
+ uncomment = in_comment
}
}
sub(/^/, "#")
}
- # Prefer %z in vanguard form, explicit abbreviations otherwise.
- if (DATAFORM == "vanguard") {
- sub(/^(Zone[\t ]+[^\t ]+)?[\t ]+[^\t ]+[\t ]+[^\t ]+[\t ]+[-+][^\t ]+/, \
- "&CHANGE-TO-%z")
- sub(/-00CHANGE-TO-%z/, "-00")
- sub(/[-+][^\t ]+CHANGE-TO-/, "")
- } else {
+ # Prefer explicit abbreviations in rearguard form, %z otherwise.
+ if (DATAFORM == "rearguard") {
if ($0 ~ /^[^#]*%z/) {
stdoff_column = 2 * ($0 ~ /^Zone/) + 1
rules_column = stdoff_column + 1
}
sub(/%z/, abbr)
}
+ } else {
+ sub(/^(Zone[\t ]+[^\t ]+)?[\t ]+[^\t ]+[\t ]+[^\t ]+[\t ]+[-+][^\t ]+/, \
+ "&CHANGE-TO-%z")
+ sub(/-00CHANGE-TO-%z/, "-00")
+ sub(/[-+][^\t ]+CHANGE-TO-/, "")
}
# Normally, prefer whole seconds. However, prefer subseconds
projects / openbsd / commitdiff