Overhaul device identification logic in order to make matching on

Overhaul device identification logic in order to make matching on
device-provided information easier.

Add support for a few more devices.

Trigger state machine updates quickly so as not to have to wait 6 seconds to
get the device identified, then 6 more seconds to get the first sensor data.

Tested on:
TEMPerX_V3.3 by landry@
TEMPerF1.4M by sthen@
TEMPerHUM_V4.0, TEMPer2_V4.1, TEMPer1F_V4.1 and TEMPerGold_V3.4 by yours truly